Parameters | Cases | Controls | p-value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (n) | median | mean | 95% CI | N (n) | median | mean | 95% CI | ||
Demographic factors | |||||||||
Age (years) | 77 (77) | 52.0 | 53.8 | 50.7; 57.0 | 84 (84) | 50.0 | 49.3 | 46.6; 51.9 | 0.039 a |
≤50 | 34 (44.2%) | 50 (59.5%) | 0.183b | ||||||
51–55 | 11 (14.3%) | 6 (7.1%) | |||||||
56–59 | 7 (9.1%) | 8 (9.5%) | |||||||
≥60 | 25 (32.5%) | 20 (23.8%) | |||||||
BMI (kg/m2) | 77 (48) | 26.3 | 25.8 | 24.6; 27.0 | 84 (75) | 27.7 | 27.6 | 26.5; 28.7 | 0.041 a |
<25 | 18 (37.5%) | 23 (37.5%) | 0.128b | ||||||
25–30 | 24 (50.0%) | 31 (41.3%) | |||||||
>30 | 6 (12.5%) | 21 (28.8%) | |||||||
Smoking status | 77 (70) | 84 (80) | |||||||
Never | 6 (8.6%) | 16 (20.0%) | 0.132b | ||||||
Former | 18 (25.7%) | 20 (25.0%) | |||||||
Current | 46 (65.7%) | 44 (55.0%) | |||||||
Plasma cotinine (ng/ml) | 77 (74) | 46.3 | 132.4 | 91.5; 173.3 | 84 (76) | 40.5 | 117.4 | 84.3; 150.6 | 0.209a |
Reproductive factors | |||||||||
Menopausal status | 77 (66) | 84 (75) | |||||||
Premenopausal | 24 (36.4%) | 24 (32.0%) | 0.585b | ||||||
Postmenopausal | 42 (63.6%) | 51 (68.0%) | |||||||
Full term pregnancies | 77 (60) | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.4; 3.5 | 84 (67) | 3.0 | 3.1 | 2.6; 3.6 | 0.799a |
Breastfed | 77 (52) | 84 (68) | |||||||
Ever breastfed (Yes) | 46 (88.5%) | 59 (86.8%) | 0.781b |